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ACTDEK023: Investigate characteristics and properties of a range of materials, systems, components, tools and equipment and evaluate the impact of their use.
ACTDEP027: Use learning from prior knowledge to develop new solutions.
ACSF Alignment: Level 3 reading and learning skills through interpreting technical information and applying knowledge to practical scenarios.
Finishing techniques are essential in woodworking and design to protect materials, enhance appearance, and ensure durability. This lesson covers traditional and modern finishes like lacquers, oils, and coatings such as polyurethane. These techniques help prevent damage from moisture, UV light, and wear.
Lacquers are evaporative finishes made from nitrocellulose or acrylic resins dissolved in solvents. They dry quickly by evaporation, forming a hard, glossy protective layer. Commonly used on furniture and musical instruments for a smooth, durable surface. Application: Sand the wood, apply thin coats with a brush or spray, allow drying between coats. Advantages: Fast-drying, high gloss. Disadvantages: Can yellow over time, requires good ventilation due to fumes.
Oils, such as linseed oil, tung oil, or Danish oil, are penetrating finishes that soak into the wood fibers. They enhance the natural grain and provide water resistance without forming a thick surface film. Application: Apply with a cloth, let soak, wipe excess, repeat for multiple coats. Advantages: Easy to apply, natural look. Disadvantages: Longer drying time, less protection than coatings.
Modern coatings include varnishes like polyurethane (oil-based or water-based), which cure to form a tough, plastic-like film. They offer excellent protection against scratches and moisture. Application: Similar to lacquers, but often brushed on in thicker coats. Advantages: Durable, versatile. Disadvantages: Can be tricky to apply without bubbles or dust. (Word count: 350)
Here are 20 words from the reading for spelling practice (click to hear the word and a longer sentence with context and meaning):